Obviously this article will have spoilers, so be sure you've watched all of Outlaw Star before proceeding. So a couple of days ago I stumbled upon some new facts about Jim that answer a couple of questions I've had for years. Then I decided I may as well write what we know about the other characters too. It's late and I'm tired so correct me if I missed anything!By the way, I don't intend for this to be a long article so I'll keep it concise.
Gene Starwind
Gene was born to a travelling space merchant called Norman Starwind. The name of Gene's mother or her appearance are unknown, though it's to be expected that she was a redhead since Norman wasn't. It's also a subject of debate where Gene was born. One could speculate that Gene's mother left at an early age. This is because Norman made a living from travelling and trading regularly which isn't a life many can tolerate. Due to his father's lifestyle, Gene took an interest in spacecraft at an early age. Even as a very young teen he could operate a spaceship. Unfortunately, at the age of fourteen his father was added to another merchant's hit list and Ronald MacDougall was hired to assassinate him. Norman's trading ship did have an escape pod, but since the ship was only really designed for one person he forced Gene into the pod and sacrificed his life for his son's. After some time in space (this intense isolation probably led to Gene's spacephobia) the pod entered Sentinel III's atmosphere and plummeted down to its surface...
It wasn't a smooth landing. Gene sustained multiple lacerations and most likely fractured bones; he wasn't just broken mentally. After recovery he was thrown back to the harsh reality of fending for himself in an urban society. In his father's care Gene was a good kid. On his own Gene had to learn to defend himself against Sentinel III's crime syndicates. In the space of three years he had become more comfortable with his new life and was even popular with the ladies, though he developed a drinking problem to alleviate the pain from his bad memories. He had also become a promising gunman, but was still a long way from becoming an established bounty hunter. At the age of seventeen he met Jim Hawking, though I'll cover that a little farther down.
Jim Hawking
Less is known about Jim Hawking's past, but similar to Gene's he had to spend considerable time on Sentinel III on his own, and he learned the skills of his trade through his father. Though we do not have a real name, we know that Jim's father was a famous hacker known as the Computer Wizard. I've acquired a transcript of Outlaw Star's drama CD. While I'm not disclosing what I'll do with the full translation yet, I can tell you a few facts. In one scene, Jim explained to a woman called Natalie that his father was actually serving prison time at Homige, the USSA's capital planet. This means that the Space Forces arrested Jim's father for illegal hacking, though it's unknown what his sentence was. Here's the important one though... *drumroll* Jim's mother is dead. Yup. He also told Natalie this. Doing the maths, Jim had been living on his own (maybe a hostel) on Sentinel III from the age of eight, possibly younger. Because that's when he met Gene. It's unknown when or how Jim's mother died, but it was clear he had some very fond memories when he compared Melfina to her.
Starwind & Hawking Enterprises
Gene and Jim didn't set up their business immediately. They first met by chance and helped each other take down a notorious criminal. Gene used his brawn by drawing the criminal out and engaging him in a gunfight while Jim used his brains to hack the criminal's computer and find incriminating evidence. After this they became good friends. It's to be assumed that they took on odd jobs together but weren't established enough until two years later when Gene was nineteen and Jim was ten. They then set up Starwind & Hawking Enterprises, and one year after the anime's events begun.
Melfina
There really isn't that much to write here. One of the main reasons behind finding the Galactic Leyline was giving Melfina answers about her past. It was Gene's promise to her. Years before the show's events, Gwen Khan worked alongside the pirates and the Space Forces. He couldn't fully understand it, but he used the information he gathered from a metaphorical "black box" to develop the XGP and Melfina so that they could interface and be able to dive into the Leyline. The location of the Leyline was known by the elites long before Gene found it. They just didn't know how to enter it because their means to do so had been swiped by Hilda.
I always thought of Melfina as something more than a bio-android. I don't think she was constructed by humans since she was able to communicate with the Maiden of the Leyline (almost a clone of her), so I think that Gwen programmed the vessel which was Melfina. I think of Melfina as a remnant of the transcendent Leyline race. Perhaps Melfina regained all of her memories when she made contact with the Maiden. We just don't know.
Suzuka
At the Leyline we finally find out the real reason Suzuka tagged along with Gene. It wasn't just because she had the hots for Gene (let's face it—she did though) but she had a score to settle with a certain member of the Anten Seven called Hitoriga. He slaughtered her family and most other people in her village. As explained in her theme song Setsuna, after losing her family she wandered from town to town aimlessly. Why Hitoriga did what he did or his relation to Suzuka's village is unknown (if anyone could shed some light..?), but Suzuka decided to make use of the martial arts skills she learned from a young age and gain money and experience by becoming an assassin with the ultimate goal of vengeance.
Aisha Clanclan
Most of what we know about Aisha Clanclan's past is based on assumptions that regard the Ctarl-Ctarl race as a whole. We know that Aisha had a wealthy upbringing and attended one of the top military schools, only to be sent out to space as her reward. You'd probably learn more about what her upbringing was like by reading our Ctarl-Ctarl article here.